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{{Aircraft|image1 = Buchon - Duxford (44170352234).jpg|caption1 = A HA-1112-M1L Buchón with fake Luftwaffe markings, Duxford, 2018.|role = Fighter|national_origin = Spain/Germany|manufacturer = [[Hispano-Aviación]]|first_flight = 1951|introduction = 1956|status = Retired from military service|primary_users = [[Spanish Air Force]]|number_built = 239|developed_from = [[Hispano-Aviación HA-1109]]|variants = HA-1112-K1L
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{{Aircraft|image1 = Buchon - Duxford (44170352234).jpg|caption1 = A HA-1112-M1L Buchón with fake Luftwaffe markings, Duxford, 2018.|role = Fighter|national_origin = Spain/Germany|manufacturer = [[Hispano-Aviación]]|first_flight = 29 March 1954|introduction = 1956|status = Retired from military service|primary_users = [[Spanish Air Force]]|number_built = 239|developed_from = [[Messerschmitt Bf 109G-2|Messerschmitt Bf 109]]|variants = HA-1109-J1L
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HA-1109-K1L
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HA-1110-K1L
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HA-1112-K1L
   
 
HA-1112-M1L
 
HA-1112-M1L
   
HA-1112-M4L}}The '''Hispano Aviación HA-1112''' is a Spanish 1950s propeller-driven fighter. It is a development of the [[Hispano-Aviaión HA-1109|HA-1109]], which, in turn, is a copy of the German [[Messerschmitt Bf 109|Messerschmitt Bf 109G-2]].
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HA-1112-M4L|produced = 1954-1958}}The '''Hispano Aviación HA-1112''' is a Spanish single-seat propeller-driven fighter. It is a copy of the German [[Messerschmitt Bf 109|Messerschmitt Bf 109G-2]], and unofficially known as '''Me 109J'''.
   
 
== Development ==
 
== Development ==
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By 1942 the Bf 109Ds of the [[Spanish Air Force]] were aging, so Hispano Aviación obtained the license to build newer Bf 109G-2s. Germany delivered 25 aircraft, but without engines, as it needed them for its own use. Hispano fitted these aircraft with Hispano-Suiza 12Z-89 engines and designated them '''HA-1109-J1L'''. The type first flew on 2 March 1945.
The first version, the '''HA-1112-K1L''' appeared in May 1951. It had a Hispano-Suiza 12Z-17 engine, two 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns and a provision for two rocket racks. 65 were built, although 200 had been planned. This version featured a three-bladed propeller and was thus known as ''Tripala'' (''Three blades'')
 
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The aircraft were later refitted with a better Hispano-Suiza 12Z-17 engine, two 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns and a provision for two rocket racks, and were redesignated '''HA-1112-K1L''', appearing in May 1951. 65 were built, although 200 had been planned. It was nicknamed ''Tripala'' (''Three blades'') due to the three-bladed propeller.
   
 
The main version, the '''HA-1112-M1L Buchón''' (''Pouter'') made its first flight on 29 March 1954. It was equipped (ironically for a Bf 109 development) with a British Rolls-Royce Merlin 500-45 engine and a four-bladed propeller. The new engine required reshaping the engine cowlings and adding an air intake under the nose. 172 were built.
 
The main version, the '''HA-1112-M1L Buchón''' (''Pouter'') made its first flight on 29 March 1954. It was equipped (ironically for a Bf 109 development) with a British Rolls-Royce Merlin 500-45 engine and a four-bladed propeller. The new engine required reshaping the engine cowlings and adding an air intake under the nose. 172 were built.
   
 
== Service ==
 
== Service ==
The introduction of jet fighters had made the HA-1112 obsolescent already during its development, but it was considered to be still adequate for service in colonial territories such as Spanish Sahara. Due to the [[Spanish Air Force]]'s tight budget, the HA-1112s were kept in service until the end of 1965, and then stored.
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The introduction of jet fighters had made the HA-1112 obsolescent already during its development, but it was considered to be still adequate for service in colonial territories such as Spanish Sahara. Due to the [[Spanish Air Force]]'s tight budget, the HA-1112s were kept in service until the end of 1965, and then stored.[[File:HA 1112-M1L and Bf 109G-2.jpg|thumb|220x220px|A HA-1112-M1L Buchón (left) with a genuine Bf 109G-2 (right). Note the different nose shape and exhausts.]]
   
Although the nose of the HA-1112-M1L differs significantly from the Bf 109, the HA-1112s have been used in many movies to represent Bf 109s, most importantly in ''Battle of Britain'' (1969), where 27 HA-1112s were used. Since "Bf 109s" were integral for the movie and genuine airworthy Bf 109s couldn't be used, the Spanish Air Force exploited the opportunity and agreed to only sell the HA-1112s to the filmmakers for a high price, instead of just leasing them. The filmmakers had no choice but to accept the deal. Many of the HA-1112s later became civilian [[Warbird|warbirds]]. Other movies to feature HA-1112s disguised as Bf 109s include ''The Hindenburg'' (1975), ''Memphis Belle'' (1990) and ''Dunkirk'' (2017).
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Although the nose of the HA-1112-M1L differs significantly from the Bf 109, it has been used in many movies to represent Bf 109s, most importantly in ''Battle of Britain'' (1969), where 27 Buchóns were used. Since "Bf 109s" were essential for the movie and genuine Bf 109s couldn't be used, the Spanish Air Force exploited the opportunity and agreed to only sell the Buchóns to the filmmakers for a high price, instead of just leasing them. The filmmakers had no choice but to accept the deal. Many of the Buchóns later became civilian [[Warbird|warbirds]]. Other movies featuring Buchóns disguised as Bf 109s include ''The Hindenburg'' (1975), ''Memphis Belle'' (1990) and ''Dunkirk'' (2017).
[[File:HA 1112-M1L and Bf 109G-2.jpg|thumb|220x220px|A HA-1112-M1L Buchón (left) with a genuine Bf 109G-2 (right). Note the different nose shape and exhausts.]]
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[[File:Hispano Aviación HA-1112 K. 1. L Tripala.jpg|thumb|220x220px|A HA-1112-K1L at the Museo del Aire, Madrid.]]
   
 
== Variants ==
 
== Variants ==
* '''HA-1112-K1L''' '''Tripala''' - First HA-1112 version. 65 built.
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* '''HA-1109-J1L''' - Bf 109G-2 with HS 12Z-89 engine. 25 built.
* '''HA-1112-M1L Buchón''' - Rolls-Royce Merlin 500-45 engine and two Hispano HS-404 20 mm guns. 172 built.
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* '''HA-1109-K1L''' - HS 12Z-17 engine. 25 converted from HA-1109-J1Ls.
* '''HA-1112-M4L''' - Two-seat trainer version of the HA-1112-M1L. One built and one converted from a HA-1110.
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* '''HA-1110-K1L''' - Two-seat trainer. One built.
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* '''HA-1112-K1L''' - Production version of the HA-1109-K1L. 65 built, including 25 converted from HA-1109s.
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* '''HA-1112-M1L Buchón''' - Rolls-Royce Merlin 500-45 engine and two Hispano HS-404 20 mm guns. 172 built. Initially known as '''HA-1109-M1L'''.
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* '''HA-1112-M4L''' - Two-seat trainer version of the HA-1112-M1L. One built and one converted from a HA-1110-K1L.
   
 
== Specifications (HA-1112-M1L Buchón) ==
 
== Specifications (HA-1112-M1L Buchón) ==

Latest revision as of 18:50, 17 January 2020

The Hispano Aviación HA-1112 is a Spanish single-seat propeller-driven fighter. It is a copy of the German Messerschmitt Bf 109G-2, and unofficially known as Me 109J.

Development[]

By 1942 the Bf 109Ds of the Spanish Air Force were aging, so Hispano Aviación obtained the license to build newer Bf 109G-2s. Germany delivered 25 aircraft, but without engines, as it needed them for its own use. Hispano fitted these aircraft with Hispano-Suiza 12Z-89 engines and designated them HA-1109-J1L. The type first flew on 2 March 1945.

The aircraft were later refitted with a better Hispano-Suiza 12Z-17 engine, two 12.7 mm Breda-SAFAT machine guns and a provision for two rocket racks, and were redesignated HA-1112-K1L, appearing in May 1951. 65 were built, although 200 had been planned. It was nicknamed Tripala (Three blades) due to the three-bladed propeller.

The main version, the HA-1112-M1L Buchón (Pouter) made its first flight on 29 March 1954. It was equipped (ironically for a Bf 109 development) with a British Rolls-Royce Merlin 500-45 engine and a four-bladed propeller. The new engine required reshaping the engine cowlings and adding an air intake under the nose. 172 were built.

Service[]

The introduction of jet fighters had made the HA-1112 obsolescent already during its development, but it was considered to be still adequate for service in colonial territories such as Spanish Sahara. Due to the Spanish Air Force's tight budget, the HA-1112s were kept in service until the end of 1965, and then stored.

HA 1112-M1L and Bf 109G-2

A HA-1112-M1L Buchón (left) with a genuine Bf 109G-2 (right). Note the different nose shape and exhausts.

Although the nose of the HA-1112-M1L differs significantly from the Bf 109, it has been used in many movies to represent Bf 109s, most importantly in Battle of Britain (1969), where 27 Buchóns were used. Since "Bf 109s" were essential for the movie and genuine Bf 109s couldn't be used, the Spanish Air Force exploited the opportunity and agreed to only sell the Buchóns to the filmmakers for a high price, instead of just leasing them. The filmmakers had no choice but to accept the deal. Many of the Buchóns later became civilian warbirds. Other movies featuring Buchóns disguised as Bf 109s include The Hindenburg (1975), Memphis Belle (1990) and Dunkirk (2017).

Hispano Aviación HA-1112 K. 1

A HA-1112-K1L at the Museo del Aire, Madrid.

Variants[]

  • HA-1109-J1L - Bf 109G-2 with HS 12Z-89 engine. 25 built.
  • HA-1109-K1L - HS 12Z-17 engine. 25 converted from HA-1109-J1Ls.
  • HA-1110-K1L - Two-seat trainer. One built.
  • HA-1112-K1L - Production version of the HA-1109-K1L. 65 built, including 25 converted from HA-1109s.
  • HA-1112-M1L Buchón - Rolls-Royce Merlin 500-45 engine and two Hispano HS-404 20 mm guns. 172 built. Initially known as HA-1109-M1L.
  • HA-1112-M4L - Two-seat trainer version of the HA-1112-M1L. One built and one converted from a HA-1110-K1L.

Specifications (HA-1112-M1L Buchón)[]

  • Crew: 1
  • Length: 8.49 m (27 ft 10 in)
  • Wingspan: 9.92 m (32 ft 7 in)
  • Height: 2.60 m (8 ft 6 in)
  • Wing area: 16 m2 (170 sq ft)
  • Empty weight: 2,666 kg (5,878 lb)
  • Max takeoff weight: 3,330 kg (7,341 lb)
  • Powerplant: 1 x 1,193 kW (1,600 hp) Rolls-Royce Merlin 500/45 V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine
  • Propeller: 4-bladed Rotol propeller
  • Maximum speed: 665 km/h (413 mph)
  • Cruise speed: 400 km/h (250 mph, 220 kn)
  • Range: 765 km (475 mi)
  • Service ceiling: 10,200 m (33,465 ft)
  • Wing loading: 206 kg/m2 (42.2 lb/ft2)
  • Armament: 2x 20 mm Hispano-Suiza HS.404/408 cannons, 16x 80 mm Oerlikon rockets (two racks of eight rockets)